lunes, 4 de febrero de 2019

ESSAY





The Impact of Strikes Towards a Solution for Crisis in Education
Sebastian Silva
Universidad Surcolombiana


















Crisis at public universities and its consequences
            Education is a field to highlight in our society because of its importance on every context. Culturally speaking, one can find education whether to be public or private. Both provide a big amount of knowledge to people who can approach a bunch of knowledge regardless their area of interest or age. Yet, there is something to consider beforehand. Public education is way too better and more important. Compared to the private ones, it is better to get into public services as they are always contributing to the social development of each person freely. That includes education. However, public education is the more affected as it has a lot of needs to solve and the laws and policies are not helping. Things such as funding for teachers or material, issues regarding infrastructure or financial crisis are sort of the type of problems that public education faces and that the government seems not be interested in solving but increasing. Also, the fact that the governments seek for the privatization of such institutions. It is not a thing of only a country. Indeed, this is a problem that spread world-wide in countries that are not endorsing the service public education offers. For that reason, the institutions and the members of these see themselves into starting a strike to force a dialogue with the government to get possible solutions. Nonetheless, as a matter of fact, private universities also go into strike. It is just that both. Hence, public institutions’ strikes should always be a strong mechanism to think of and enhance for solving any necessity presented and so, it cannot be penalized but legal.
Education should be a priority for every government. Its development encourages the way people struggle with real life situations, allowing students to get prepared for the real world, which are things that private institutions are not into. Besides, as Giroux says, schools are cultural centers that create resistance in the conciseness of individuals and collectives which is meaningful for extreme intransigence (1983). Teaching kids to be prepared for real life contexts is a way of gaining resistance in a certain future. Likewise, it can approach a higher grade on people’s resilience, which would be more effective than accepting everything just because the policies or the ministries say that education should be just as they want it to be. Moreover, when students from schools leave and get to college or university, their critical knowledge can be enhanced. By means of that enhancement, students, teachers, professor and staff in general immerse themselves in a cycle of identifying the problem, acting and reflecting. These three abilities do not come out from nothing. They need to be part of the process at schools and universities. It is a shame that the system tells teachers not to let students express what they think since they are just kids. Thoughts like that one only affect the development of someone who can make better in the future.
Along with these dilemmas, the priority should also have a scope on the financial crisis of not only education but also the poor who cannot access to schools, universities or institutes. Ortega (2010) claims that “Latin America’s education systems suffer from low levels of learning, limited opportunities for the poor, bureaucratic paralysis and chronic conflicts with teachers’ unions”. Funding education should focus to offer opportunities to everybody and with the same conditions. It will help countries to get better results from the different practices held at any institutions. Also, there is no need to leave someone out. If someone misses the chance of studying, then it becomes a failure in the process of fighting fo. Nevertheless, sometimes it is not because of the lack of money or opportunities but because some people who have the power say no to others. Those left behind tend to become the problems to control in the future because of the absence of ethic and moral. Things that one acquires at home and at schools, but that sometimes is difficult to get at home because the others are looking for money or job. The government must create programs for allowing everybody to go into schools to get an appropriate education.
One of the things to discuss of what Ortega says, is the conflict that a non-decent education has with teachers’ unions. To be against the rules of a system that does not think about the consequences of not funding education is always a good thing to do. Teachers, students, professors, staff and people are the one involved in the marches and the strikes. No budget and no solutions evoke the rebellion of the affected ones. Furthermore, Richardson says that in a strike that took place in England, teachers claimed that the budget cut leaded to firing teachers and courses being cancelled (2017). For things like this, the purpose of marching should be objective. Strikes do overcome certain necessities and as history shows, every field pursues something to get and after some time it gets to be something reachable. There must be objectivity on the strikes and the marches as rebellion brings damage and harmful consequences. That is why the government should not get to this point. Sitting to negotiate would be better for both parts. No harmed people or even casualties as happens in most of the strikes would be on the news, which show that students, teachers and sometimes relatives of the affected fight against the police. The big issue is that sometimes the media misinform and tends to label students and teachers as the vandal ones. Through dialogue and pure communication, the leaders and the government can find a solution for the things that are in need. Or well, partially, because each year we see teachers and students marching because of the same problematics and the getting the same answer from the government through violence. In Colombia there was a strike on   
The agreements that are signed do not mean that everything is solved. In fact, sometimes, it takes only some weeks or months for people to start marching again against the same exigencies that were supposed to be solved in the negotiation. Which means that the solutions are not likely to work. A negotiation’s conclusion ought to be quite better if the aim is solving the needs of education. Therefore, universities, schools and staff continue marching. In 2011, Colombian students went on strike because the government wanted to change the system through adding private rules and aspects to public institutions. They called that group of students “Mesa Amplia Nacional de Estudiantes” (Sara Lopera, 2018). Nonetheless, last year students went on strike again.  It was criticized, indeed. Even though, it demonstrated that there was no other way of forcing the government to sit and negotiate.  And if the negotiation is not successfully achieved, a strike should start.
On the other hand, it is pivotal to think of building and providing institutions with supplies that allow them to be safe in any part of each city. That way people from all around each country would have the same chances of getting a decent education.  Schools from the countryside budget is not as big as the budget schools from the cities have. This attitude shows the government’s neglect towards these institutions’ needs. Abandoning them increases the violence and the percentage of students’ desert from schools. The safer a place is, the better the people that interact with it would immerse. Money does not go first. At some schools, universities and institutes the surroundings and the inner devices are dangerous or harmful for the practices developed. Education needs no money if the guarantees are not giving students and teachers a safe and warm atmosphere for doing things successfully. Moreover, as a matter of fact, the institutions need to be safe enough for the people that work and attend these educative places. If not, then, money would have no value for covering moral issues. In Argentina from there was an incident that has to do with such problematic. The teachers and some parent complaint about the way a leak of gas could provoke a dangerous situation that indeed, happened. Consequently, there were two dead people. The controversy goes with the government not giving a solution to the school and fortifying the neglection towards helping academic places from small towns.(Pitchon, 2018)  the fact the government owes In Argentina the strike started because of an explosion. Aforementioned is a big initiative for people to force a dialogue between the affected and the one who are not providing solutions.
            Forcing the government to act is the most resourceful aspect to consider so that the needs become things of the past. Regarding that aspect, even if the strikes are peaceful, there will always be a piece of violence which makes the mandatories to rethink the no negotiation. The heavy art of a strike is the fact that if affects the economy of a country, making people and government to take actions against them (Las consecuancias a largo plazo del paro, 2019). Along with this assumption, a strike’s results just reinforce the validity of the process, making people deconstruct the way politicians manage everything without taking their needs into account. Although, people who go on strike claim that the security is not the best. We see people getting pursued for these practices as well as killed, and that cannot be accepted when these people are doing their best to keep things in order.  have worked for the most vulnerable to get what they want and need. Yet, as stated before, the less reachable feature should be the one who involves casualties. It cannot become a war when it is just people fighting for their rights.
            In that sense, our culture should keep on demonstrating resistance against the laws that affect the freedom and growth of people in every field. In fact, Giroux says that “the necessity for theoretical renewal in the educational field coupled with the massive number of primary and secondary sources that have been translated or published recently in English provide the opportunity for American and English-speaking pedagogues to begin to appropriate the discourse and ideas of the Frankfrut School” (1983, b.)  In that sense, the social emancipation that stands at the Franfkurt School gives strength to the argument that it is time to increase the resilience everywhere for creating a critical theory on education. The theory must deconstruct the pedagogies implemented at schools and any other academic place. Hopefully, the next generations will not be up to get detached of these practice that in one way or another, give reasons to believe that things are possible through cultural changes in education. Also, that changing a partial educational system to an impartial and enough for endorsing the system in which education is not safe due to the many policies that global organizations and groups stablish for countries in development to follow is not only a dream but an achievable issue. The teachers and students should continue carrying that fire of hope to society, to bring new outcomes to the contexts where the problematics cannot be always key aspects. Glory to the revolution and educational change for the benefit of the vulnerable and the privileged.













References


Giroux, H. (1983). Critical Theory and Educational Practice.
Giroux, H. (1983). Theory and Resistance in Education.
Las consecuancias a largo plazo del paro. (04 de february de 2019). El Imparcial .
Ortega, T. (2010, June). Focal. Retrieved from Focal : https://www.focal.ca/en/publications/focalpoint/258-june-2010-tamara-ortega-goodspeed
Pitchon, A. (3 de August de 2018). The Bubble . Obtenido de https://www.thebubble.com/explosion-moreno-school-la-plata-argentina/
Richardson, H. (15 de April de 2017). BBC News. Obtenido de https://www.bbc.com/news/education-39608487
Sara Lopera, E. P. (10 de Octubre de 2018). La Silla Vacía . Obtenido de https://lasillavacia.com/los-estudiantes-marchan-juntos-pero-no-revueltos-68325











martes, 23 de octubre de 2018

Outline #2

why have public universities faced crisis around the world?

FIRST PARAGRAPH: 
Hook/Introduction: The problem that Colombian universities are facing now is just one of  the many situations that universities world-wide faced, are facing and will face.
Thesis: The notion of damaging Universities can no longer be an alternative when they constitute a big support for the improvement of different societies, cultures and contexts.

SECOND PARAGRAPH
Topic Sentence: World-wide the neoliberalism has provided thoughts and practices that in one way or another affect the development of hugher education.

THIRD PARAGRAPH: 
Topic sentence: In the one hand, one of the main issues to higlight is the non-funding that universities have from the governent.

FOURTH PARAGRAPH:
Topic Sentence: On the other hand, the crisis can also be related to the corruption that takes place at some institutions of higher education.

FIFTH PARAGRAPH:
Topic Sentence: Besides, there are many world-wide organizations which are responsible of giving paramaters to the countries which are part of these groups to create the policies. Education within those. 

CONCLUSION OR NEW PARAGRAPH.

domingo, 21 de octubre de 2018

First Draft


Is Colombian universities' strike going to have any effect on the budget for education in the following years?
Higher Education in Colombia is about to get closed or privatized. Some universities are facing an economic crisis because of the lack of money to finish the current year. Such issue started when the government decided to create programs which funneled the private institutions rather than the public ones. Furthermore, the state has a debt of 18.5 billion with the public universities, according to some data provided by the National Union of Students in Higher Education (UNEES). For that reason, Colombian students from public and private universities are on strike. Thus, the students are asking the president to increase the budget for finishing the current year and the budget for the years to come. I think that such strike might be useful for solving the economic crisis that higher education in Colombia faces.
Students' movement has been paramount for defending education and so the strikes. This is not the first strike that university students get on to defend public universities and higher education in Colombia. There was a big one on 2011 proposed by the MANE (Mesa Ampliada Nacional de Estudiantes). In that time, the government tried to implement a new reform to the law 30. That reform, in one way or another, tried to privatize universities by asking the institutions to receive money and interventions from private companies. Of course, it was not something good for the students or the stuff in general. So, the only alternative, like today’s situation, was to start a riot against the government and its policies. Even if was good there was something that the MANE couldn’t do that the UNEES wants to do now. The UNEES is trying not to let things the half way to empower the process of students in the universities in a pedagogical and critical way.    
Nevertheless, the budget for education in 2019 is going to be the highest budget that Colombia has ever had throughout time. Besides, after a demonstration that the students of all the universities around the country ended last Wednesday, the president said that he was going to add 500,000 million to the budget of education next year. But, as it is stated in “Colombian Public Universities Will Go On Strike”: “The current government does not give the adequate resources for public universities to continue fulfilling the social function.”(Telesur, 2018). Hence, the students keep on saying that the amount is not even necessary for allowing the universities to finish the current year and that it does solve the economic problem. The universities are asking for money that could go to infrastructure not to the general budget of education as it also has to do with primary and mid-education.    
Yet, irtsident has not arranged a meeting with the different platforms of students’ movement in the country. Regardless that amount that the president says is going to be provided to education, the students are asking for 4.2 billion for the current year and the payment and the 
Regarding that issue of increasing the budget for ending the current year at the universities, the students' movement demands the president to give 4.5 billion to the current year, whatsoever. Stilll, it is not Colombian govermnet's wish to give that am






Outline of the Final Essay.

                                                 Higher Education in Colombia: A crisis to
Question: On October 11th, the Colombian students' movement from public and private universities, started to go on strike. The decission was made after a meeting attended by around 3,000 students from different universties of the country at UniAmazonia in the city of Forencia.
is Colombian universities' strike going to have any effect on the budget for education in the following years?

FIRST PARAGRAPH
- Introduction: Hook sentence: Education is not a right in Colombia, it is just another service that one needs to pay for.
BACKGROUND
- Colombian students are on strike due to the crisis that public universities face regarding.
- Everyone should be allowed to go to a university. In that sense, Colombian
THESIS: Such strike might get an increase on the budget not only for univeristies but also other institutions of higher edutcation.

 SECOND PARAGRAPH - SUPPORTING PARAGRAPH
- TOPIC SENTENCE: Students' movement has been paramount for defending education and so the strikes.
- Supporting sentence: This is not the first strike that university students get on to defend public universities and higher education in Colombia.
- There was a big one on 2011 eleven proposed by the MANE (Mesa Ampliada Nacional de Estudiantes). In that time, the government tried to implement a new reform to the law
30 which, in one way or another, tried to privitise universities.
- Supporting sentence:

-THIRD PARAGRAPH:
- TOPIC SENTENCE: However, the budget for education in 2019 is going to be the highest budget that Colombia has ever had throughout time.
- Supporintg sentence: Besides, a fter a demonstration that the students of all the universities around ht ecountry eneded, the president said that the budget for the next year was going to be 500,000 millions higher.
- argument: However, the students and the universities claim that such amount is not even close to help the financial need that the institutions have to finish the curretn year.
- Supproting: T
- 4th Paragraph:
TOPIC SENTENCE: Regardless that amount that the president says is going to be provided to education, the students ask for 4.2 billion for the current year and the
Regarding that issue of increasing the bidget for ending the current year at the universities, the students' movement demands the president to give 4.5 billion to the current year.
Supporting: The UNEES created its own document with requests to the governmet.

FIFTH PARAGRAPH
CONCLUSION

martes, 25 de septiembre de 2018

How to Empower Colombian Students to Critically Spot Fake News

Throughout the last years, there has been an exponential progress regarding communication, the way it is being portrayed and how it gets to be done. Furtheremore, communication has empowered people to become aware of the different assusmptions, events and occurences that happen world-wide. However, one has got to emphasy on the misinformation that fake news convey on people that are not used to reading or going beyond the message. Besides, this is not something that only happens on adults. It has become a trendy on teenagers and children as the social networks allow them to read and encounter many fake news. Regarding that problematic situation, the educational system has got to provide schools and teachers with the necessary tools for endorsing critical thinking towards any issue.
Although, it is not an easy task to carry out as there has been a big gap on teaching critically even to teachers. In that sense, education  cannot be aimed to teach only children or teenagers, it has got to be taught to teachers, principals and staff of schools and institutions. That is to be critical, and doding that is that people will overcome the misinformation that fake news convey. To spot critical thinking towards that issue, the current system needs an improvement regarding the way reading is being taught. Reading is not only to get a brief insight of the what the message is about, it is to convey a whole understanding of whatever is being discussed. Thus, students need to know and face the fake news to avoid the misunderstandigs they evoke.
On the other hand, to think critically encourages people to look up and verify whether the information is fake or not. In that regard, what shouldn't be encouraged is to share fake news but help people distinguish when the information comes from fake news and when it is reliable.




































https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/07/business/media/medias-next-challenge-overcoming-the-threat-of-fake-news.html
https://www.theguardian.com/teacher-network/2017/oct/17/fake-news-improved-critical-literacy-skills-teaching-young-people
https://www.brookings.edu/research/how-to-combat-fake-news-and-disinformation/

viernes, 21 de septiembre de 2018

Sixth Task: Commentary about "What is the Outrage? Critical Pedagogy in Dark Times"

To begin with, it is important to make reference on the  meaning that the author provides upon Crticial Pedagogy. He first pointed out that it is a political and moral-thing that affects the way teachers see the world and the teaching-learning process they carry out. Thus, what is intended with Critical Pedagogy is not to rely on the conservative notion that has been taking place in education throughout time, but to shape the world where we live. Besides, he emphises the way that education is understood within the political and pedagogical process of learning. Why political? Henry states that this process is political because fo the way its project endorses the relationship among knowledge, authority and power.
On the other hand, there is something paramount to discuss. The way edutacion is being shaped by the globalized and capitalized world where everything goes around generating money and employees. Hence, the consevartive notion given to education just focuses on producing and passing on information to create bare knowledge that does not allow people to think differently and critically. Regarding this fact, Critical Pedagogy stand for the purpose of creating and re-shaping the ways the teaching process takes place. CP allows not only teachers but also students to think, create and shape the processes that do not rely under the bbeliefs from conservative assumptions or notions. Furtheremore, CP encourages the different activities that teachers develop to create the notion of thinking critically about the things that are within such structural and pedagogical world.
Breaking the chains is to look at different horizons from different perspectives. CP allows that.   



domingo, 16 de septiembre de 2018

Third Task: Summary of Stepehn Brookfield's Lecture

This video started with the autobiography of the lecturer. Later on, he said that giving that background was necessary for supporting what he stated about critical and creative thinking regarding education. The professor Stephen Brookfield started by pointing out that leaving students to choose their topics and ways to do their academic things is better than telling them to do so in a unique way. Besides, it is something he said based on his own experience when he was rejected to gento into college because of an exam he (to what I recall) failed. Thus, he asked to been given another opportuinity for getting into college and consequently, he understood the importance of giving opportunities to students so that they could take actions on different fields or problems.
The lecturer also expressed how he teaight assumptions and gave some exmaple regarding the different types of assumptions to get to informed actions.  From that explanation, he said that thinking critically is to focus on understanding and checking assumptions; and that thinking creatively is to look at things from multiple points of view. These, I think, are important definitions to understand what the slightly difference between these two pivotal issues for education and pedogogy.
In a general point of view and being critical, the lecture could have been a little bit more interesting if the people who attended had felt encouraged to participate.